Tuesday, June 28, 2005

Your God Doesn't Scare Me



A few weeks ago I made a terrible mistake: I went to see Constantine at the local $2 movie theater. I left the theater wanting desperately to punch myself in the face. It would have been even worse if I hadn’t had free passes.

Aside from a poor script, bad acting, and various stupid Hollywood conventions, the movie completely failed to engage me due to its religious angle.

I’ve noticed, too, that I like The Exorcist less every time I see it. The first time I saw it, I loved it and was sure that its classic status was justly deserved. Each of the three or four times I’ve seen it since my middle teens I’ve noticed worse performances, flabbier direction, and less interest/scares on my part.

I think there’s a connection here: it’s religious horror. It fails to gain traction in me every time.

I read The Exorcist and its pseudo-sequel, Legion, in my teens and liked them, was scared by them. I found other religious horror powerful.

But I find now, in my late 20s, a decline in my ability to be scared by religious horror in direct correlation to my lack of religious belief/conviction.

The issue, there, I think is that religious horror isn’t effective in those of us who don’t believe in the religion at issue.

The Exorcist was, in some ways, a response to the growing secularization of the country and a new formation of religious thought after the 1960s.

But ever since – despite a growing devoutness in the country – religious horror has been a case of diminishing returns. Sure, The Omen was good, but its sequels were weaker every time, as were the sequels to The Exorcist (with the possible exception of the third film in the series).

And once you’re outside the major religious horror franchises – those two and The Prophecy – the pickings get frightening for reasons of quality, not content.

But religious horror still gets made. Hard to see why, though, when the box office results aren’t there. After all, who fondly remembers Lost Souls, The Order, Stigmata, The End of Days, or Bless the Child?

I’d wager that what causes these films to fail with audiences on the large scale is the same thing that causes them to fail with me: a film that relies on a background of religion to effect its horror will always fail when the audience doesn’t adhere to that religion (and the audiences for these films are likely teenagers and the less devout).

In this way, religious horror functions in the same way that archetypes like vampires, werewolves, zombies do in modern horror. They’re well-know, well-worn concepts that the audience already knows about and thus doesn’t have to learn anything more about. By using them, whole sets of stories, associations, and prior knowledge lock into place in lieu of character, plot, or the development of original ideas.

That is, in these movies audience are supposed to be afraid of vampires generally, as a category, because of what they do, not necessarily because of what these specific vampires do in this specific movie.

The same is true of religious horror. The prospect of eternal damnation (or whatever) is frightening in theory but it’s never going to be frightening unless made more concrete, more of a real threat.

And it’s even less of a valuable tool if the audience doesn’t even believe in the possibility of eternal damnation.

Now, I know the polling data and election results tell me I’m in the minority. I’m one of the smallish number of Americans who doesn’t adhere to any particular religion. So maybe I’m also unusual as an audience member. Maybe any day now we’re going to see a resurgence in successful religious horror movies (I doubt it, though. I think the country is too secure in its religion right now. Religious horror seems more likely to succeed in times of spiritual questioning and upheaval).

For now, though, I can say with surety that religious horror never frightens me because your God doesn’t scare me.

21 comments:

  1. The real question is whether or not you waited past the credits of CONSTANTINE for the extra little bit at the end... or just walked out of the theater shaking your head in disgust as soon as the movie "ended." ;)

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  2. Interesting... I don't believe in ghosts, but a good ghost movie gives me the shivers. I think that there's a lot to be criticised in horror films with (especially Judeo/Christian) religious themes in terms of quality and theme (which also begs the question-- would a Hindu horror film suffer from the same problem for you? You do say "religious" but seem to only mention Christian-based horror). I think it would be throwing the baby out with the bathwater if you dismiss them all out of hand simply because of the premise that, within the context of the film, that religion's supernatural tenants are taken as real and you just don't buy it.

    One film you didn't mention here, which I really liked and was freaked out by, was Fallen. I'm not quite sure if that fully classifies as "horror" (I'm bad with genres); perhaps it was more of a religious/supernatural thriller. I think there's a lot of interesting material to be plumbed from religions to tell a good horror story... but I agree that the theme gets used as a storytelling crutch.

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  3. Aaron - You're right: I left the theater before the credits ended. What did I miss?

    Arj - I agree that a good ghost movie, or whatnot, can be scary. But the distinction is that it has to be good, fully developed, rather than a movie that says, "look a scary ghost. Remember all the other scary ghost movies you've seen? Pretty scary, huh?" The storytelling crutch aspect that you mention is central.

    As far as howw I'd react to a non-Judeo/Christian horro film, I don't know. I've never seen one. Do they exist? Because I'd love to check one out.

    Fallen. Hmm. Was that the one with Denzel Washington and John Goodman?

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  4. Great post, Sam! Not sure to what extent anime horror emerges from Eastern religious/spiritual traditions, but I find a lot of those monsters deliciously creepy.

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  5. I dunno, man--I'm as lapsed a Catholic as you're likely to find, but The Exorcist still scares the shit out of me. You don't need to actually believe in a particular aspect of a given fiction to find that fiction compelling.

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  6. Like, do you believe in werewolves or chest-bursters? Do you need to?

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  7. That is indeed 'Fallen'. "Tiiiiime... is on mah siiide..."

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  8. Sean - I think you do actually have to believe in a fiction to find it compelling. You don't have to believe in it after you walk out of the theater, close the book, etc., but you've got to believe it while you're experiencing it. Otherwise the effect will be lost on you.

    And that's part of the issue here, the religion in these movies isn't constructed in a way that lets me suspend my disbelief.

    I'm starting to think that I might have blurred the lines between two different things I was talking about in this piece, though. Hunh.

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  9. I don't think that you necessarily need to believe in something for it to scare you -- you just need to believe in the possibility that it could be real.

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  10. Rick - But in a situation where you've suspended your disbelief, is believing in the thing or the possibility of that thing so different?

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  11. I certainly don't believe in the possibility that werewolves, vampires, 50-foot gorillas, evil videotapes, evil hotels, vindictive sharks, zombies, witches in the forests of Maryland, etc etc etc, exist. And yet!

    I think perhaps what's going on, Sam, is nothing more or less than that religion is just plain a turn-off for him, so you don't get into the movies. Which is fine, to each his own, but I don't think the explanation about horror and believability holds much water.

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  12. Sean - I'm not saying that you need to believe in these things globally. I'm just saying that within the context of the experience of the work of fiction, you need to have some level of belief.

    I think the phrase "suspension of disbelief" really gets to the heart of this. By removing disbelief, you get towards belief.

    And certainly horror requires a suspension of disbelief.

    ----

    Another issue here, though, is how religion is used. If it's used as an archetype without any real depth, as I mention in the post, then it's a real problem, the same way vampires, werewolves, etc., without depth are a problem.

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  13. Dave - Interesting points. Do you see all horror as Lovecraftian then (i.e., we are at the mercy of things beyond our comprehension, etc.)?

    ----

    But are those religious questions? Is the question of where we fit in the universe exclusively a religious one? It seems equally scientific and philosophical to me.

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  14. Great discussion. Actually, this post might set a horrorblogosphere record for number of posts :)

    To me, it doesnt' matter what the evil lurking inside the movie is. If the story sucks, you can't suspend disbelief to believe in it and be frightened by it.

    Conversely, look at the penguin in the Wallace and Gromit short. One of the most sinister figures in animated history. And it's a penguin! But in the early part, there's a true sense of menace and foreboding. And it's a penguin! (wait, I said that already).

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  15. "a film that relies on a background of religion to effect its horror will always fail when the audience doesn’t adhere to that religion (and the audiences for these films are likely teenagers and the less devout)."

    Speaking as a devout Christian for the last thirteen years...religious horror movies (based in the Judeo/Christian, as that is all I have ever seen) never scared me or my parents (both United Church of Christ Ministers).

    Rather than fear, they cause eye rolling and my Dad muttering "Boy, this is stupid."

    I think the people who create these movies aren't actually believers of the faith they make the movies about...though I wouldn't be surprised if they were forced to go to a really boring/really oppressive church when they were kids.

    REAL religious horror is the whole priest/molestation/coverup thing. Make a movie about that...igggggghhh.

    "To me, it doesn't' matter what the evil lurking inside the movie is. If the story sucks, you can't suspend disbelief to believe in it and be frightened by it."

    Forgive me, but I have to respond to this with:

    Amen, brother!

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  16. > Fallen. Hmm. Was that the one with Denzel Washington and John Goodman?

    Yep, that's the one I mean.
    http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0119099/

    It wasn't the best film ever, but for me, it was pretty re-watchable and chill-worthy. Although I think it's hard for horror films and thrillers to be re-watchable in general, since a lot of horror relies on not knowing what's going to happen.

    I think it was a little hard to tell where your real stance was from your original post, but your comments seem to have cleared up my confusion. Using certain stereotypes (I wouldn't even say they were necessarily archetypal) to set mood & context happens a lot, with any theme and in any genre. I can see how that laziness would be even more distasteful with all the current political baggage & other associative issues that religion holds at the moment. I think I still disagree that your personal level of belief going into the movie makes that film makes it more or less enjoyable, especially since a lot of the religious-themed movies have a lot that may be apocryphal or debated within the religion.

    I also was trying to think of a non-Judeo/Christian horror film with religious overtones. I would love to watch something like that as well! Bring on Kali and Vodoun and stuff! My best guess would be to start looking in foreign language films. From what I've read, Hideo Nakata's (Dark Water, Ringu, etc) stuff has a fairly spiritual approach, but I haven't had a chance to watch any of it yet. This article seemed to touch on that question a bit: http://int.kateigaho.com/win05/horror-nakata.html. I think it would be hard to find an English language film that dealt fairly and interestingly with a non-Christian religion. I wonder if there are any Bollywood horror movies?

    Thanks for a good discussion & and interesting post. I've been following this blog since you all first started posting, but this was the first time I felt like jumping into the conversation. Sorry if I ended up rambling a bit!

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  17. You're not rambing at all, arj. Thanks for your contributions - we appreciate them. I hope we see you in the comments more in the future!

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  18. I'm an atheist, but I can still find religious horror can be quite scary if done properly. It doesn't matter that I don't believe in the possibility of eternal damnation, because that doesn't stop characters in the movie from being damned to hell. I mean I don't see that any different than a character being trapped in a shadow world or any other fictional dimension. A character being trapped in a world where they are going to be tortured for the rest for all eternity is pretty horrible fate no matter if I believe in it or not in real life. Taken as a fictional idea, it's just another plot device.

    Also while Constantine has some horror aspects to it, really isn't a horror movie trying to scare people. Maybe make people jump at times, but I don't think it's trying to do anything slightly scary. And in the end, it's just a really bad, bad movie adaption of a really great, great comic.

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  19. HP - I actually already had Shikoku in my Netfllix queue - coincidence! Based on your recommendation, I've moved it way up.

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  20. Great discussion!!!

    I wish I wasn't so tired at the moment, lest I would add more to the discussion than this:

    After the credits roll on CONSTANTINE he goes to CHas's grave and leaves him his lighter (UG!) only to find that Chas is now an angel. (DOUBLE UG!!!)

    That aside, speaking of scary things, you know what movie REALLy freaked me out as a young un? YOUNG SHERLOCK HOLMES. THat bit with the stained glass window -- and the guy's apartment attacking him -- really stick-out in my mind to this day.

    Interestingly enough, this was also a movie that rewarded viewers who stuck around after the ending credits...

    Me go sleepy now.

    Best wishes,
    Aaron Weisbrod

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  21. God, I love Young Sherlock Holmes.

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